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Health Behavior and Health Education

泰然健康网
2025-05-08 19:17

Theory of Reasoned Action

Behavior Intention to perform the behavior Attitude Behavioral beliefs Evaluation of behavioral outcomes Subjective norm Normative beliefs Motivation to comply External variables Demographics Attitude towards targets Personality traits Other individual difference variables

Intention to perform the behavior

Definition(s):

An indication of an individual's readiness to perform the behavior The most important predictor a desired behavior will actually occur A function of both attitudes towards a behavior and subjective norms toward that behavior

Example:

Prospective study concerning condom use among homosexual men, baseline question: "If I have insertive anal sex during the next two months, I intend to always use latex condoms" Followed by a 5 point very likely / very unlikely response scale

Attitude

Definition(s):

A mental state involving beliefs, feelings, values, and dispositions to act in certain ways A function of the individual's beliefs about the behavior (behavioral beliefs) and the individual's beliefs about the outcomes of performing the behavior (evaluation of behavioral outcomes)

Example:

Prospective study concerning condom use among homosexual men, baseline question: "Always using latex condoms during the insertive anal sex during the next two months would be" Followed by three 5 point evaluative response scales anchored by very good / very bad, very awful / very nice, very pleasant / very unpleasant

Subjective Norm

Definition(s):

An individual's perception of social norms or his/her peers' beliefs about a behavior A function of an individual's normative beliefs and motivation to comply with beliefs

Example:

Prospective study concerning condom use among homosexual men, baseline question: "Most people who are important to me think I should always use latex condoms during insertive anal sex during the next two months" Followed by a 5 point very true / very untrue response scale

Behavioral Beliefs

Definitions(s):

Belief that behavioral performance is associated with certain attributes or performances Beliefs about consequences of the behavior Contributes to attitude along with evaluation of behavioral outcomes

Example:

Prospective study concerning condom use among homosexual men, baseline question: "Always using latex condoms during insertive anal sex during the next two months would reduce my fear of getting AIDS" Followed by a 5 point very true / very untrue response scale

Evaluation of behavioral outcomes

Definition(s):

Value attached to a behavioral outcome or attribute Positive or negative judgments about features of the behavior Contributes to attitude along with behavioral beliefs

Examples:

Prospective study concerning condom use among homosexual men , baseline question: "Reducing my fear of getting AIDS would be" Followed by a 5 point very good / very bad response scale

Normative beliefs

Definition(s):

Belief about whether referents approve or disapprove of the behavior Contributes to subjective norms along with motivation to comply

Example:

Prospective study concerning condom use among homosexual men, baseline question: "My partner(s) think I should always use latex condoms during insertive anal sex during the next two months" Followed by a 5 point very true / very untrue response scale

Motivation to comply

Definition(s):

Motivation to do what salient referents think an individual should do Contributes to subjective norms along with normative beliefs

Example:

Prospective study concerning condom use among homosexual men, baseline question: "Concerning safer sex, in general, I want to do what my partner(s) think I should do" Followed by a 5 point very true / very untrue response scale

External variables

Demographics Attitudes towards targets Some behavioral scientists use the terms "targets" when referencing TRA. Targets are considered to be the negative health outcomes of the behavior. Example: Behavior = smoking; Target = lung cancer, heart disease, etc. Personality traits Other individual difference variables