口语句型
【Topic Focus】 Health
一、经典句型
1. I am fit.
2. I don't feel well today.
3. I've got a cold.
4. What's bothering you?
5. Do you have medical insurance?
6. I went to see my doctor for a checkup.
7. What did the doctor say?
8. The doctor said I'm a little overweight.
9. The doctor advised me to get plenty of exercise. And I took his advice.
10. He told me to take these pills every four hours.
11. The physician gave me a chest X-ray and took my temperature.
12. It's just a mosquito bite, nothing to worry about. [mə'ski:təu]
13. My doctor put me ona low-fat diet.
14. My throat is sore.
15. Everyone knows that smoking is harmful to the health.
16. Frank is in the hospital. He had an operation last night.
17. I took a sick leave yesterday.
18. I feel chilly.
19. I'll have an appointment with the dentist tomorrow.
20. AIDS has become a worldwide problem.
Notes:
1. I am fit.
1）
keep fit 保持健康状况
fitness n. fitness center 健身中心
as fit as a fiddle. 非常健康 fiddle ['fidl] n. 小提琴
2）
I’m healthy.
Health is better than wealth.
3）
I’m ill. = I’m sick. 我生病了。
I feel sick. 我觉得反胃恶心；我想吐。
I’m very ill. 表示人病入膏肓
I’m ill and I feel terrible. (生病病得很厉害)
2. I don't feel well today.
well是形容词，表示“身体状况好”，不能用good代替。
I don’t feel good. (X)
3. I've got a cold.
1）
表示“我得了什么病”常用的口语句型就是 I've got ….
例如：
I've got a bad cold.
I've got a fever. (high fever)
I've got a flu.
I've got a headache.
I've got a toothache.
I’ve got a stuffy nose. (我鼻子不通气。)
He's got a sore throat.（他喉咙疼。）
2）
have a running nose 流鼻涕
sneeze 打喷嚏
feel dizzy 头晕
indigestion 消化不良 [,indi'dʒestʃən, ,indai-]
heat stroke 中暑
diarrhea 腹泻 [,daiə'riə]
3）
如果美国人告诉你 My head is killing me.意思是“我的头疼得要命” 。用身体的某一个部位加上 be killing me.就可以表示“某个部位疼得很厉害”。例如：My back is killing me. My stomach is killing me. My legs are killing me.
4. What's bothering you?
到了医院，医生肯定问你“那里不舒服？”用英语表达就是上面的这个句子，bother 用做动词的意思是“使痛苦、难受” 。问他人的健康状况或是医生询问你的身体状况时会用到其它句型还有：
What's the matter with you?
What's wrong with you?
What's the problem?
What's troubling you?
5. Do you have medical insurance?
1)
medical university 医科大学
medical care system 医疗保健制度
medical certificate 健康证明；症断书
medical treatment 医疗
2）
insurance agent 保险公司；保险代理人
policy 保险单
insurance premium 保险费
6. I went to see my doctor for a checkup.
1）checkup 体检；physical check-up / medical check-up
2）作体检，用动词have搭配，have a check-up
3）see the doctor; see my doctor 去看病 （不用go to hospital）
4）health condition 健康状况
5）age, height, weight, pulse 脉搏，blood pressure 血压
7. What did the doctor say?
一般用过去式，询问别人说过什么
8. The doctor said I'm a little overweight.
1）overweight 体重超标，没有褒贬色彩
2）underweight 体重偏瘦
3）lose weight 减肥
4）You need to lose some weight. / You should put on some weight.
5）说某些人胖时，要避免用fat，可以用委婉一点的词：stout 结实的
6）I’m in good shape. be in good/bad shape 人的起色、整体身体和状况好/不好
7）医生说我看上去面色不大好：The doctor said I looked pale. (面色不好不能用white or fair)
9. The doctor advised me to get plenty of exercise. And I took his advice.
1) doctor 泛指医生；博士
2) 内科医生 physician
3) 外科医生 surgeon
4) 牙医 dentist；看牙医 see the dentist；蛀牙 rotten-tooth；牙刷 toothbrush；牙疼 toothache；牙膏 toothpaste；假牙 false tooth；拔牙 pull out tooth；病人 patient
10. He told me to take these pills every four hours.
1) 吃药不用eat or drink，常用take；take some medicine
2) 药丸，药片 pill；药片 tablet；糖浆 syrup；外用药液 lotion；外用药膏 cream；胶囊 capsule；中药 TCM, traditional Chinese medicine；止疼片 pain-killer
3) woman-killer = playboy 花花公子；examination-killer 考试机器；TOEFL-killer 考TF的高手；GRE-killer 考GRE的高手
4) 处方 prescription；开处方 write out a prescription；填满处方 fill a prescription；
5) 打针 injection；打针 shot；My doctor said I need three shots. / The nurse gave me a shot.
6) 输液 infusion；
11. The physician gave me a chest X-ray and took my temperature.
1) X-ray X光射线；chest X-ray 胸透；head X-ray 头部透视
2) take one’s temperature 量体温；fever 发烧；low/high fever 低/高烧；yellow fever 黄热病
3) take one’s blood pressure 量血压；low blood pressure；high blood pressure
4) 验血 have a blood test；血型 blood type；
12. It's just a mosquito bite, nothing to worry about. [mə'ski:təu]
1）mosquito [mə'ski:təu] 蚊子；bug 小臭虫，间谍，窃听器；worm 虫，蠕虫，蚕；fly 苍蝇；butterfly 蝴蝶
2）bite 一般指被动物咬伤；Let’s have a bite! 我们随便吃点东西吧！
3）安慰别人：Nothing to worry about. / Take it easy. / Don’t be worried. / You’ll be fine. / You’ll be well soon.
13. My doctor put me on a low-fat diet.
1）节制饮食 to get/ be on a diet；I’m dieting. 我在节食
2）a low calorie diet 低热量饮食
3）a vegetable/meat diet 素/肉食
4）diet kitchen 医院中为病人烹饪特别伙食的厨房
5）减肥药 diet pill
6）均衡饮食 balanced diet
14. My throat is sore.
1) 他的左臂伤得很厉害。 His left arm hurt badly.
2) 我的大拇指肿了。 My thumb is swollen.
3) 我背疼。 My back aches. 作动作，表示某处疼痛。
4) 我周身疼痛。 I am all-aches.
15. Everyone knows that smoking is harmful to the health.
1) be harmful to 对…有害处
2) be good to 多喝水有益健康
3) 英语中常用动名词做主语和宾语:
说起来容易，做起来难 Saying is easy. Doing is difficult. /
眼见为实 Seeing is believing.
教学相长 Teaching is learning.
16. Frank is in the hospital. He had an operation last night.
1) 住院 be in hospital
2) 动手术 have an operation；手术 operation；小手术 minor operation；急救 first aid；外科手术 surgery
3) 挂号处 registration office；门诊部 out-patient department；住院部 in-patient department；急诊室 emergency room；内科 department of internal medicine；外科 surgical；儿科 pediatrics department [,pi:di'ætriks]
17. I took a sick leave yesterday.
1) take a sick leave 请病假
2) leave 假期；sick leave 病假；home leave 探亲假；compassionate leave 事假；
3) 我要请三天的病假。 I’ll take a three-day sick leave.
4) 下个月我要请十五天的探亲假。 I will take a fifteen-day home leave next month.
5) 我父亲有五天的事假。 My dad has a five-day compassionate leave.
6) 嘲笑布什的话：Your brain has two parts. The left part has nothing right in it. And the right part has nothing left in it.
18. I feel chilly.
1) I feel feverish. 我感觉有些发烧。
2) I feel rather unwell. 我感觉很不舒服。
3) I feel dizzy. 我感到头晕目眩。
19. I'll have an appointment with the dentist tomorrow.
1) make an appointment 有一个预约；appointment 也可以指其他正式的预约
3) 看病程序： register 挂；waiting room 候诊室；record of disease 病历本； feel the pulse 号脉
20. AIDS has become a worldwide problem.
1) AIDS 艾滋病 Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 获得性免疫缺陷综合症；三个传播途径 sex, mother, blood transfusion 输血
2) 艾滋病的预防和治疗是全人类的一大难题。The prevention and treatment of AIDS has ranked as a most thorny problem of the world. (thorny ['θɔ:ni] adj. 多刺的；痛苦的；令人苦恼的)
3) 癌症 cancer；肿瘤 tumor；肺结核 TB tuberculosis [tju:,bə:kju'ləusis]；贫血 anemia [ə'ni:miə]
二、身临其境
1、Seeing the Doctor 看医生
1)
Doctor:
Ann: I feel dizzy and I have a headache.
Doctor:
Ann: Since yesterday.
Doctor: You seem to be generally run-down.
Ann:
Doctor: It’s nothing serious, but you’d better stay in bed for a day or two.
Ann:
Reference:
Doctor: What’s bothering you?
Ann: I feel dizzy and I have a headache.
Doctor: From when?
Ann: Since yesterday.
Doctor: You seem to be generally run-down.
Ann: Doctor, is it very serious?
Doctor: It’s nothing serious, but you’d better stay in bed for a day or two.
Ann: Thank you, I’ll do as what you tell.
2)
Doctor: 你哪里不舒服？
Bob: I’ve got a temperature and my stomach hurts.
Doctor: You seem to have picked up some kind of infection.
Bob: 那我该怎么办呢？
Doctor: Take a few days off from work and don’t wear yourself out.
Reference:
What’s troubling you?
What can I do?
3)
Doctor: Well, Mrs. Brown. 我已经检查完了。而且很高兴告诉你我没有什么严重的病症。
Brown: 你认为不用照X光？
Doctor: I don’t think X-rays will be necessary for this kind of minor illness.
Brown: 我需要住院治疗吗？
Doctor: No, Mrs. Brown, you won’t need to be in the hospital.
Brown: 这是一种传染病吗？
Doctor: I don’t believe so.
Brown: 我是不是应该躺在床上多休息几天呢？
Doctor: 我想不是。 You should go outdoors more and get plenty of exercise.
Brown: Can I be cured?
Doctor: 只要你听从我的意见，我可以肯定你会好起来的。
Brown: 那么我该怎么做呢？
Doctor: Put this medicine on your arm every four hours. And it’ll be fine in one week. 只是一点皮疹而已，别担心。
Brown：那好， 多谢您对了。
Reference:
1）I’ve finished check-up, and happy to tell you that nothing is serious.
2）Don’t you think I should take X-ray?
3）Should I be in hospital for treatment?
4）Is this a kind of infectious disease? [in'fekʃəs]
5）Should I stay in bed for a few days to have a good rest?
6）I don’t think so.
7）As long as you listen to my advice, I’m sure you will be fine.
8）Then what should I do?
9）It’s just a little rash, take it easy.
10） Ok, many thanks.
2、At a Drugstore 在药房
1）
Patient: 我想配一下这个处方上的药。
Druggist: You can pick it up in about an hour.
Patient: 有治疗皮疹(rash)的药吗？
Druggist: Try this lotion. It’s supposed to be very good.
Reference:
I’d like to fill this prescription.
Do you have the medicine for rash?
2)
Patient: Can I leave this prescription with you?
Druggist: 请5点半之前来取。
Patient: And I’d like something for the sunburn.
Druggist: 你不妨试试这个，是一种新药。
Reference:
Please take your medicine before five thirty.
Why don’t you try this one, it’s a kind of new medicine.
3、Asking about health 问候健康
1)
Will: Where’s Tony this evening?
Anna: 他正躺在床上呢。
Will: Really! 他怎么啦？
Anna: He has the flu.
Will: Tell him I was asking about him.
Anna: 我会的，谢谢你。
Reference:
He’s in bed.
What’s wrong with him?
I will, thank you.
2)
Allen: 我最近一直没有见到Bob,他怎么样？
Bill: He’s still pretty sick.
Allen: 太糟糕了。他得的什么病呢？
Bill: 我们也不知道，他正在医院接受检查。
Allen: Let me know if there’s anything I can do.
Bill: Thanks a lot. I’ll tell him
Reference:
I haven’t seen Bob lately. What’s wrong with him?
That’s too bad. What kind of disease does he have?
We don’t know either. He is in hospital to have check-up.
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