Aminoacyl

泰然健康网
2025-07-14 06:03

tRNA Synthetase, aaRS

氨酰-tRNA合成酶（AARS）是在蛋白质翻译的第一步中通过将氨基酸共价连接到其同源tRNA来催化氨酰化反应的酶。在哺乳动物中，AARS通常以游离形式或多tRNA合成酶复合物（MSC）的形式存在，后者由八个AARS和三个非酶促AARS相互作用多功能蛋白（AIMP1 / p43，AIMP2 / p38和AIMP3 / p18）组成。

AARS负责将mRNA上的密码子与氨基酸正确配对。AARS还参与RNA剪接，转录调控，翻译和细胞稳态的其他方面。由于这些酶在生物体的生长和存活中起着关键作用，因此研究人员对这些酶的研究非常感兴趣。AARS 是开发新型抗感染药物的主要靶点之一。此外，近几年来对这些酶有趣的结构和功能方面的揭示使它们成为治疗各种疾病的潜在药物靶点。

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARSs) are the enzymes that catalyze the aminoacylation reaction by covalently linking an amino acid to its cognate tRNA in the first step of protein translation. In mammals, AARSs usually exist in free form or in the form of a multi-tRNA synthetase complex (MSC), and the latter consists of eight AARSs and three non-enzymatic AARS-interacting multi-functional proteins (AIMP1/p43, AIMP2/p38, and AIMP3/p18).

AARSs are responsible for the proper pairing of codons on mRNA with amino acids. AARSs are also involved in RNA splicing, transcriptional regulation, translation, and other aspects of cellular homeostasis. Study of these enzymes is of great interest to the researchers due to its pivotal role in the growth and survival of an organism. AARSs are one of the leading targets for developing novel anti-infective agents. Further, unfolding the interesting structural and functional aspects of these enzymes in the last few years has qualified them as a potential drug target against various diseases.