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低聚木糖调节肠道菌群和促进健康的研究进展。

泰然健康网
2025-07-23 02:21

低聚木糖调节肠道菌群和促进健康的研究进展。

IF 5.1 1区农林科学 Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Natalia-María Nogueira-Prieto, Carmen Ansín-Vallejo, Manuel Becerra-Fernández and María-Isabel González-Siso

摘要

低聚木糖（XOS）是从木质纤维素生物质和藻类中提取的，由于其选择性调节肠道微生物群和赋予各种健康益处的能力，已成为有前途的益生元。XOS由β- d -木吡喃糖单元组成，由β-糖苷键连接，耐哺乳动物消化，但可由有益的肠道细菌发酵。研究结果表明，XOS促进了益生菌的生长，具有双歧致生作用，刺激短链脂肪酸（SCFAs）的产生，抑制病原菌的增殖。体外和体内研究表明，它们具有缓解代谢紊乱、改善脂质谱、减少炎症和恢复肠道稳态的潜力。在人类或动物模型中进行的几项研究显示，在健康和患病个体中，肠道微生物群多样性、免疫功能和代谢参数都有积极的结果，包括肠道健康、肥胖和2型糖尿病标志物的改善。此外，XOS显示出有希望的抗炎和抗癌特性，有证据表明它们在减少肿瘤细胞增殖和增强氧化应激抵抗方面的作用。尽管有这些有希望的发现，但在成本效益的生产和大规模应用方面仍然存在挑战。生物技术方法的进步和监管部门的批准预计将推动XOS市场的扩张，预计在未来十年将显著增长。这篇综述强调了XOS作为一种功能性膳食成分在肠道健康和疾病预防方面的应用潜力，需要进一步的临床研究来证实其对人类的治疗效果。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

A review of the capacity of xylooligosaccharides to modulate gut microbiota and promote health

Xylooligosaccharides (XOS), derived from lignocellulosic biomass and algae, have emerged as promising prebiotics due to their ability to selectively modulate gut microbiota and confer various health benefits. XOS are composed of β-D-xylopyranose units linked by β-glycosidic bonds and are resistant to mammalian digestion but fermentable by beneficial gut bacteria. Research results indicate that XOS enhance the growth of probiotics, having a bifidogenic effect, which stimulates the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and suppress the proliferation of pathogens. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate their potential to alleviate metabolic disorders, improve lipid profiles, reduce inflammation, and restore gut homeostasis. Several studies in humans or animal models reveal positive outcomes on gut microbiota diversity, immune function, and metabolic parameters in both healthy and diseased individuals, including improvements in bowel health, obesity, and type 2 diabetes markers. Additionally, XOS exhibit promising anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties, with evidence of their role in reducing tumour cell proliferation and enhancing oxidative stress resistance. Despite these promising findings, challenges remain in cost-effective production and large-scale application. Advances in biotechnological methods and regulatory approvals are expected to drive the expansion of the XOS market, projected to grow significantly over the next decade. This review highlights the potential of XOS as a functional dietary component with applications in gut health and disease prevention, warranting further clinical studies to confirm their therapeutic efficacy in humans.

来源期刊

期刊介绍： Food & Function provides a unique venue for physicists, chemists, biochemists, nutritionists and other food scientists to publish work at the interface of the chemistry, physics and biology of food. The journal focuses on food and the functions of food in relation to health.