节食有风险，减肥需谨慎！ - 体重正常的人节食可能导致体重反弹，主要是体脂增加
营养学医学生 · 最后编辑于 2022-10-09 · IP 广西广西
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《国际肥胖杂志》最近刊发了一篇有意思的论文，全文见附件。
节食如何使某些人发胖：从体成分自动调节的角度模拟体重转向肥胖的循环
菲利普·雅克，伊夫·舒茨，[…]阿卜杜勒·杜洛
《国际肥胖杂志》44卷，243-1253页（2020年）
摘要
在过去的十年里，节食使一些人发胖的观点从流行病学预测和生物学上的合理性中获得了相当大的兴趣。一些大规模的前瞻性研究表明，节食减肥与未来的体重增加和肥胖有关，这种预测在体重正常范围而不是肥胖的节食者中更为强烈和一致。此外，节食使瘦人（而不是超重或肥胖的人）重拾比减掉的更多的体脂（称为脂肪过多）这一生物学上的似是而非的现象最近得到了对典型的明尼苏达纵向饥饿实验中减重期间和随后体重恢复期间的体脂组成数据的重新分析的支持。这些结果揭示了脂肪过多量与初始肥胖之间的反指数关系，并表明脂肪和瘦组织恢复的时间不同步，进而存在于减肥期间和体重恢复期间的瘦组织和脂肪分配的差异化恢复（脂肪恢复比瘦组织快）是脂肪过多的主要特征。在一个概念框架内，将节食后脂肪过多与初始肥胖、减肥程度和减肥与体重恢复期间不同的瘦组织和脂肪分配之间的关系整合起来，我们在这里描述了一个体重循环的数学模型，从身体组成自动调节的角度来预测通过反复节食和多次体重循环可以获得的多余脂肪。
How dieting might make some fatter: modeling weight cycling toward obesity from a perspective of body composition autoregulation
Philippe Jacquet, Yves Schutz, […]Abdul Dulloo
International Journal of Obesity volume 44, pages1243–1253(2020)
Abstract
The notion that dieting makes some people fatter has in the past decade gained considerable interest from both epidemiological predictions and biological plausibility. Several large-scale prospective studies have suggested that dieting to lose weight is associated with future weight gain and obesity, with such predictions being stronger and more consistent among dieters who are in the normal range of body weight rather than in those with obesity. Furthermore, the biological plausibility that dieting predisposes people who are lean (rather than those with overweight or obesity) to regain more body fat than what had been lost (referred to as fat overshooting) has recently gained support from a re-analysis of data on body composition during weight loss and subsequent weight recovery from the classic longitudinal Minnesota Starvation Experiment. These have revealed an inverse exponential relationship between the amount of fat overshot and initial adiposity, and have suggested that a temporal desynchronization in the recoveries of fat and lean tissues, in turn residing in differences in lean-fat partitioning during weight loss vs. during weight recovery (with fat recovery faster than lean tissue recovery) is a cardinal feature of fat overshooting. Within a conceptual framework that integrates the relationship between post-dieting fat overshooting with initial adiposity, the extent of weight loss and the differential lean-fat partitioning during weight loss vs. weight recovery, we describe here a mathematical model of weight cycling to predict the excess fat that could be gained through repeated dieting and multiple weight cycles from a standpoint of body composition autoregulation.
Jacquet 2020 How dieting might make some fatter modeling weig....pdf (1.73 MB)
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