首页 > 资讯 > 如何推进农村重点疾病人群基本卫生保健模式的改进：以人为本整合型健康管理政策证据简报

如何推进农村重点疾病人群基本卫生保健模式的改进：以人为本整合型健康管理政策证据简报

泰然健康网
2025-08-20 10:48

摘要： 背景为了更好地应对我国基本卫生保健服务面临的问题与挑战，中国国家卫生健康委员会与盖茨基金会开展紧密合作，2017—2022年在山西省、湖北省以及河南省部分农村地区开展基本卫生保健项目。项目的总目标是探索基本卫生保健服务的有效模式，助力健康扶贫工作，加强中国国内经验分享，并惠及其他发展中国家。目的总结在以高血压和糖尿病为代表的农村重点疾病人群中开展以人为本整合型健康管理的经验。方法农村基本卫生保健项目资料和数据的收集包含了多个来源，包括医院信息系统数据、统计报表资料、基本公共卫生数据、定性访谈、患者调查、医生问卷调查、病历质量调查等，以描述性统计分析以及前后比较作为主要的评估方法。结果高血压和糖尿病患者规范化管理率保持稳定上升，住院患者次均住院费用下降，患者健康生活行为逐渐上升、患者服药依从性有明显改善。在健康结局方面，患者高血压控制情况明显改善但患者血糖控制情况变化不明显。结论项目地区重点疾病健康管理的服务理念和服务能力明显提升，相关措施已经变成政策在项目地区推广和落地，各类专家是项目推动实施的关键因素，各项措施的可持续性有待保持。

关键词: 农村基本卫生保健, 探索性干预, 重点疾病人群, 服务利用, 服务质量, 疾病经济负担, 效果评价

Abstract:

Background

To better address the problems and challenges facing primary health care services in China, China's National Health Commission and the Gates Foundation have been collaborated to implement primary health care projects in areas such as Shanxi Province, Hubei Province, and part of the rural areas of Henan Province from 2017 to 2022. The overall goal of the project is to explore an effective model for basic health care services and to contribute to health poverty alleviation, which will enhance experience sharing within China and benefit other developing countries.

Objective

To summarize the experience of implementing person-centered integrated health management project in rural populations with priority diseases, represented by hypertension and diabetes.

Methods

The collection of information and data for the person-centered integrated health management project encompassed multiple sources, including hospital information system, statistical reporting information, basic public health information system, qualitative interviews, patient surveys, physician surveys and quality surveys of medical records. Descriptive statistical analysis as well as before-and-after comparisons were used as the main evaluation methods.

Results

The proportion of patients with hypertension and diabetes under standardized management increased steadily, the average hospitalization cost of inpatients decreased, with a gradual increase in healthy living behaviors and a significant improvement medication adherence. In terms of health outcomes, the control rate of hypertension improved significantly but the control rate for blood glucose did not change significantly.

Conclusion

The service concept and capacity of person-centered integrated health management for priority diseases have been significantly improved. The relevant measures have been transformed into policies to be promoted and implemented in the project areas. Various types of experts are the key factors in promoting the implementation of the project, the sustainability of the measures needs to be maintained.

Key words: Rural primary health care, Exploratory intervention, Priority diseases, Service utilization, Service quality, Disease burden, Effect evaluation

中图分类号:

R 161