2021+AHA科学声明：预防和治疗高血压的减重策略.pdf
Hypertension AHA SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT Weight-Loss Strategies for Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association Michael E. Hall, MD, MS, FAHA, Chair; Jordana B. Cohen, MD, MSCE, Vice Chair; Jamy D. Ard, MD; Brent M. Egan, MD, FAHA; John E. Hall, PhD, FAHA; Carl J. Lavie, MD; Jun Ma, MD, PhD, FAHA; Chiadi E. Ndumele, MD, MHS; Philip R. Schauer, MD; Daichi Shimbo, MD; on behalf of the American Heart Association Council on Hypertension; Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology; Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; and Stroke Council ABSTRACT: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular and renal diseases in the United States and worldwide. Obesity accounts for much of the risk for primary hypertension through several mechanisms, including neurohormonal activation, inflammation, and kidney dysfunction. As the prevalence of obesity continues to increase, hypertension and associated cardiorenal diseases will also increase unless more effective strategies to prevent and treat obesity are developed. Lifestyle modification, including diet, reduced sedentariness, and increased physical activity, is usually recommended for patients with obesity; however, the long-term success of these strategies for reducing adiposity, maintaining weight loss, and reducing blood pressure has been limited. Effective pharmacotherapeutic and procedural strategies, including metabolic surgeries, are additional options to treat obesity and prevent or attenuate obesity hypertension, target organ damage, and subsequent disease. Medications can be useful for short- and long-term obesity treatment; however, prescription of these drugs is limited. Metabolic surgery is effective for producing sustained weight loss and for treating hypertension and metabolic disorders in many patients with severe obesit
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