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乳铁蛋白生理活性及作用机理研究进展

泰然健康网
2024-12-08 23:20

摘要: 乳铁蛋白是食品营养与生物技术领域的研究热点之一，具有多种生理活性，如调节免疫系统、改善神经发育系统、促进细胞再生、调节糖脂代谢途径以及酶活性等。本文对乳铁蛋白的结构及其在抗菌、抗炎、抗癌、抗病毒和促进肠道健康等方面的作用进行了系统地综述，并着重对乳铁蛋白在神经发育、调节糖脂代谢、再生属性以及酶活性等方面的最新研究进展进行了总结，最后对乳铁蛋白在食品等行业中的应用进行了分析归纳，并提出了乳铁蛋白未来的研究重点和方向。

关键词: 乳铁蛋白 / 结构 / 生理活性 / 应用

Abstract: Lactoferrin is one of the research hotspots in the field of food nutrition and biotechnology. It has a variety of physiological activities, such as regulating the immune system, improving the neurodevelopmental system, promoting cell regeneration, regulating lipid metabolism pathway and enzyme activity. In this paper, the structure of lactoferrin is introduced, and the role of lactoferrin in antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral and intestinal health promotion is systematically summarized. In addition, the recent research progress of lactoferrin in neural development, regulation of lipid metabolism, regeneration properties and enzyme activity are summarized in detail.At last, the application of lactoferrin in food industry is summarized, and the future research focus and direction of lactoferrin are put forward.

表 1 不同行业产品对乳铁蛋白功效的利用[80-89]

Table 1 Application of lactoferrinin different industries[80-89]

产品功效适用对象类别乳铁蛋白婴儿配方奶粉补充乳铁蛋白，增强婴儿机体免疫力，促进机体生长发育婴儿食品冲剂改善缺铁性贫血缺铁性贫血患者保健食品饮料维持神经系统，预防神经退行性疾病，预防骨质疏松老人保健食品面制品促进胃肠道健康普通人群食品口香糖促进脂肪代谢、调控细胞增殖、抗肿瘤、促进神经系统发育普通人群食品肉类保鲜添加剂促进钙吸收、作为铬结合剂或者抗病毒普通人群其他低硝茶肠添加剂抑菌普通人群食品术后药物辅剂抗炎、抗菌、抗肿瘤病人医疗液态奶抑菌病人医疗口腔疾病治疗辅助药物抗炎、抗菌、抗病毒，在生理浓度下能有效刺激成骨细胞增殖和分化，抑制破骨细胞形成口腔疾病患者医疗动物饲料促进生长、改善肠道微生物菌群，抑制产肠毒素大肠杆菌等有害菌，降低死亡率养殖动物动物饲料化妆品添加剂抗菌、抗炎、抑制黑色素和促进胶原蛋白形成普通人群化妆品载体避免食品中营养素的流失；缓释药品有效成分特定人群食品，药品镜片护理液抗菌特定人群日用品皮肤病药膏抗真菌皮肤病患者医疗食品防腐剂抗细菌普通人群食品 [1]

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