首页 > 资讯 > 石榴化学成分及药理活性研究进展

石榴化学成分及药理活性研究进展

泰然健康网
2024-12-12 06:17

摘要: 石榴为石榴科石榴属植物，其果皮、种子、花、叶、根均可入药，在我国有着悠久的药用历史。石榴主要化学成分包括鞣质类、黄酮类、萜类、生物碱类、酚酸类、花青素类、脂肪酸类等，具有抗氧化、降血糖、抗炎、抗肿瘤、抗菌等多种药理作用。本文对石榴各药用部位的化学成分和药理作用进行综述，以期为其进一步研究和开发利用提供参考。

Abstract: Punica granatum L.(pomegranate) is a medicinal plant belonging to the genus Punica Linn..The peel, seed, flower, leaf and root of P.granatum is widely used as traditional medicine in China.Phytochemical studies showed that the major chemical constituents of P.granatum were tannins, flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, phenolic acids, anthocyanins, fatty acids, etc.Biological studies on extracts and active ingredients of P.granatum show some bioactivities, such as antioxidant, hypoglycemic, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, antibacterial activities.Herein, the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of different parts of pomegranate were reviewed, providing a theoretical basis for the further research and utilization of pomegranate.

[1] Editorial Board of the Flora of China. Flora of China (中国植物志) [S]. Beijing: Science Pres, 2004: 120-121. [2] Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission. Chinese Pharmacopoeia: part 1 （中华人民共和国药典: 一部）[S]. Beijing: China Medical Science Press, 2020: 97. [3] Tao HJ. Mingyi Bielu (Compiled Edition) (名医别录：辑校本)][M]. Shang ZJ, Compilation. Beijing: China Press of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2013: 3. [4] Ma MF, Zhang DD, Zhang B. Research progress on chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of pomegranate seeds[J]. Food Drug (食品与药品), 2020, 22(5): 434-437. [5] Li SZ. Compendium of Materia Medica(本草纲目)[M]. Xie QT, Compilation. Beijing: China International Broadcasting Audio Visual Press, 2006: 172-173. [6] Luo SD. Newly revised Jingzhu Materia Medica (新修晶珠本草)[M].Sichuan: Sichuan Science and Technology Press, 2004: 465. [7] Editorial Board of Chinese Materia Medica of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Chinese Materia Medica: Uyghur medicinal roll (中华本草：维吾尔药卷)[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific & Technical Publishers. 2005: 118-119. [8] Editorial Board of Chinese Materia Medica of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Chinese Materia Medica: Miao medicine roll (中华本草：苗药卷)[M]. Guiyang: Guizhou Science and Technology Press, 2005: 154-156. [9] Editorial Board of Chinese Materia Medica of National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Chinese Materia Medica: Mongolian Medicine Roll (中华本草：蒙药卷)[M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific & Technical Publisher, 2004: 154-156. [10] Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Dictionary of Traditional Chinese Medicine (中药大辞典) [M]. 2nd ed. Shanghai: Shanghai Scientific & Technical Publisher, 2006: 858. [11] Li QL, Zhou J, Wu Y, et al. Effect of tannins from Punica granatum L. on the expression of nephrin and podocin in the podocytes of rats with passive heymann nephritis[J]. Chin Pharm J (中国药学杂志), 2021, 56(5): 351-358. [12] Abdulla R, Mansur S, Lai HZ, et al. Qualitative analysis of polyphenols in macroporous resin pretreated pomegranate husk extract by HPLC-QTOF-MS[J]. Phytochem Anal, 2017, 28(5): 465-473. [13] Li GP, Chen M, Chen J, et al. Chemical composition analysis of pomegranate seeds based on ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-Orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry[J]. J Pharm Biomed Anal, 2020, 187(1): 9. [14] Liu YQ and Seeram NP. Liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry for comprehensive phenolic characterization of pomegranate fruit and flower extracts used as ingredients in botanical dietary supplements[J]. J Sep Sci, 2018, 41(15): 3022-3033. [15] Liu YC, Dai YP, Wang BL, et al. Rapid analysis of tannins from pomegranate peel based on UPLC-Quadrupole/Exactive Orbitrap mass combined with diagnostic ions filter [J]. Chin Arch Tradit Chin Med (中华中医药学刊), 2023, 41(5): 71-79. [16] Gómez-Caravaca AM, Verardo V, Toselli M, et al. Determination of the major phenolic compounds in pomegranate juices by HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS[J]. J Agric Food Chem, 2013, 61(22): 5328-5337. [17] El-Hadary AE, Ramadan MF. Phenolic profiles, antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, and antioxidant properties of pomegranate (Punica granatum) peel extract[J]. J Food Biochem, 2019, 43(4): e12803. [18] Ito H, Li P, Koreishi M, et al. Ellagitannin oligomers and a neolignan from pomegranate arils and their inhibitory effects on the formation of advanced glycation end products[J]. Food Chem, 2014, 152: 323-330. [19] Derakhshan Z, Ferrante M, Tadi M, et al. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of ethanolic extract of pomegranate peels, juice and seeds[J]. Food Chem Toxicol, 2018, 114: 108-111. [20] Yang YX, Yan FL, Wang X. Chemical constituents from Punica granatum flowers[J]. J China Med Mater (中药材), 2014, 37(5): 804-807. [21] Zhou CH, Jin C, Zhao YH, et al. Chemical constituents from the flowers of Punica granatum[J]. Chin Tradit Pat Med (中成药), 2020, 42(1): 102-106. [22] Cruz-Valenzuela MR, Ayala-Soto RE, Ayala-Zavala JF, et al. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L. ) peel extracts as antimicrobial and antioxidant additives used in alfalfa sprouts[J]. Foods, 2022, 11(17): 2588. [23] Ge SS, Duo L, Wang JQ, et al. A unique understanding of traditional medicine of pomegranate, Punica granatum L. and its current research status[J]. J Ethnopharmacol, 2021, 271: 113877. [24] Neuh?fer H, Witte L, Gorunovi? M, et al. Alkaloids in the bark of Punica granatum L. (pomegranate) from Yugoslavia[J]. Pharmazie, 1993, 48: 389-391. [25] Yisimayili Z, Chao Z. A review on phytochemicals, metabolic profiles and pharmacokinetics studies of the different parts (juice, seeds, peel, flowers, leaves and bark) of pomegranate (Punica granatum L. ) [J]. Food Chem, 2022, 395: 133600. [26] Topalovi? A, Kne?evi? M, Ga?nik S, et al. Detailed chemical composition of juice from autochthonous pomegranate genotypes (Punica granatum L.) grown in different locations in Montenegro[J]. Food Chem, 2020, 330: 127261. [27] Labbé M, Ulloa PA, López F, et al. Characterization of chemical compositions and bioactive compounds in juices from pomegranates (‘Wonderful’, ‘Chaca’ and ‘Codpa’) at different maturity stages[J]. Chilean J Agric Res, 2016, 76(4): 479-486. [28] ün ?, ün ??, Tanr?kulu N, et al. Assessing the concentration of conjugated fatty acids within pomegranate seed oil using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance (qNMR)[J]. Phytochem Anal, 2022, 33(3): 452-459. [29] Cao F, Li HT, Zhang BY. Analysis of fatty acid in peel of Punica granatum by HPLC with pre-column derivatization[J]. West China J Pharm Sci (华西药学杂志), 2018, 33(4): 406-409. [30] Al Juhaimi F, ?zcan MM, Ghafoor K. Characterization of pomegranate (Punica granatum L. ) seed and oils[J]. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol, 2017, 119(10): 1700074. [31] Verardo V, Garcia-Salas P, Baldi E, et al. Pomegranate seeds as a source of nutraceutical oil naturally rich in bioactive lipids[J]. Food Res Int, 2014, 65: 445-452. [32] Chang ZY, Liu GH, Gulibahar K, et al. Optimization of extraction for punicalagin from pomegranate peel by response surface methodology and its antioxidant activity[J]. Food Res Dev (食品研究与开发), 2020, 41(22): 100-107. [33] Zu YG, Zhong C, Zhao XH, et al. Optimization of processing technology and study on antioxidant activity in vivo of superfine powder of Granati Pericarpium[J]. Chin Tradit Herb Drugs (中草药), 2015, 46(10): 1454-1459. [34] Derakhshan Z, Ferrante M, Tadi M, et al. Antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of ethanolic extract of pomegranate peels, juice and seeds[J]. Food Chem Toxicol, 2018, 114: 108-111. [35] Yoshime LT, de Melo ILP, Sattler JAG, et al. Bioactive compounds and the antioxidant capacities of seed oils from pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) and bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.) [J]. Food Sci Technol, 2019, 39(suppl 2): 571-580. [36] Xing J, Lu WJ, Zhao YX, et al. Purification and antioxidant activity of polyphenols from Punica granatum L.[J]. J Nanjing Norm Univ (Nat Sci Ed) (南京师大学报自然科学版), 2015, 38(3): 84-90. [37] Liu Y, Kong KW, Wu DT, et al. Pomegranate peel-derived punicalagin: Ultrasonic-assisted extraction, purification, and its α-glucosidase inhibitory mechanism[J]. Food Chem, 2022, 374: 131635. [38] Kam A, Li KM, Razmovski-Naumovski V, et al. A comparative study on the inhibitory effects of different parts and chemical constituents of pomegranate on α-amylase and α-glucosidase[J]. Phytother Res, 2013, 27(11): 1614-1620. [39] Zhang WM, Hou C, Du L, et al. Protective action of pomegranate peel polyphenols in type 2 diabetic rats via the translocation of Nrf2 and FoxO1 regulated by the PI3K/Akt pathway[J]. Food Funct, 2021, 12(22): 11408-11419. [40] Liu WX, Ma H, Frost L, et al. Pomegranate phenolics inhibit formation of advanced glycation endproducts by scavenging reactive carbonyl species[J]. Food Funct, 2014, 5(11): 2996-3004. [41] Go?ciniak A, Bazan-Wo?niak A, Pietrzak R, et al. Pomegranate flower extract-the health-promoting properties optimized by application of the box-behnken design[J]. Molecules, 2022, 27(19): 6616. [42] Wu SJ, Wang XJ, Zhang WS, et al. Effects of pomegranate juice on DSS-induced ulcerative colitis in mice[J]. Food Sci (食品科学), 2023, 44(13): 88-96. [43] Lee CJ, Chen LG, Liang WL, et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of Punica granatum Linn. in vitro and in vivo[J]. Food Chem, 2010, 118(2): 315-322. [44] Marques LC, Pinheiro AJ, Araújo JG, et al. Anti-inflammatory effects of a pomegranate leaf extract in LPS-induced peritonitis[J]. Planta Med, 2016, 82(17): 1463-1467. [45] Benchagra L, Berrougui H, Islam MO, et al. Antioxidant effect of Moroccan pomegranate (Punica granatum L.sefri variety) extracts rich in punicalagin against the oxidative stress process[J]. Foods, 2021, 10(9): 2219. [46] Anwaier G, Lian G, Ma GZ, et al. Punicalagin attenuates disturbed flow-induced vascular dysfunction by inhibiting force-specific activation of Smad1/5[J]. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2021, 9: 697539. [47] Aharoni S, Lati Y, Aviram M, et al. Pomegranate juice polyphenols induce a phenotypic switch in macrophage polarization favoring a M2 anti-inflammatory state[J]. Biofactors, 2015, 41(1): 44-51. [48] Eskandari E, Heidarian E, Amini SA, et al. Evaluating the effects of ellagic acid on pSTAT3, pAKT, and pERK1/2 signaling pathways in prostate cancer PC3 cells[J]. J Cancer Res Ther, 2016, 12(4): 1266-1271. [49] Mandal A, Bishayee A. Mechanism of breast cancer preventive action of pomegranate: disruption of estrogen receptor and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways[J]. Molecules, 2015, 20(12): 22315-22328. [50] Song CQ, Zhou BH, Yi HL, et al. Antibacterial activity of tannins from Pericarpium Granati(TPG) and its antibacterial mechanism against Staphylococcus aureus[J]. Chin J Hosp Pharm (中国医院药学杂志), 2016, 36(4): 259-265. [51] Rosas-Burgos EC, Burgos-Hernández A, Noguera-Artiaga L, et al. Antimicrobial activity of pomegranate peel extracts as affected by cultivar[J]. J Sci Food Agric, 2017, 97(3): 802-810. [52] Gullon B, Pintado ME, Pérez-álvarez JA, et al. Assessment of polyphenolic profile and antibacterial activity of pomegranate peel (Punica granatum) flour obtained from co-product of juice extraction[J]. Food Control, 2016, 59: 94-98. [53] Wu WX, Jiang S, Liu MM, et al. Simultaneous process optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of polyphenols and ellagic acid from pomegranate (Punica granatum L. ) flowers and its biological activities[J]. Ultrason Sonochem, 2021, 80: 105833. [54] Meng LQ. A traditional Chinese medicine combination for treating cholecystitis:
105106516A[P]. 2015-12-02 [2023-03-23]. [55] Kearns R, Chang ZY, Niu RH, et al. Punicalagin inhibits hepatic lipid deposition in obese mice via the AMPK/ACC pathway[J]. China J Chin Mater Med （中国中药杂志）, 2023, 48(7):1751-1759. [56] Salles TS, Meneses MDF, Caldas LA, et al. Virucidal and antiviral activities of pomegranate (Punica granatum) extract against the mosquito-borne Mayaro virus[J]. Parasit Vectors, 2021, 14(1): 443. [57] Zhang LJ, Jiang Y, Liu BH, et al. Advances in the etiology of chronic diarrhea in adults[J]. Chin Gen Pract (中国全科医学), 2019(22): 2760-2765. [58] Ren JG, Wang DZ, Lei L, et al. Preliminary analysis on relationship between traditional efficacy of Chinese medicine and modern pharmacological action[J]. China J Chin Mater Med (中国中药杂志), 2017, 42(10): 1979-1983. [59] Lü) GY, Yan MQ, Chen SH. Review of pharmacological activities of Dendrobium officinale based on traditional functions[J]. China J Chin Mater Med (中国中药杂志), 2013, 38(4): 489-493.