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2022年中国12～30岁人群轻断食行为及影响因素

泰然健康网
2024-12-25 04:16

摘要:

目的

了解中国12～30岁人群轻断食行为发生情况及其影响因素。

方法

本研究数据来自“2022中国居民心理与行为调查研究”。于2022年6 — 8月采用多阶段抽样对23个省、5个自治区、4个直辖市的居民进行问卷调查，选取其中12～30岁8 858人作为研究对象，采用广泛性焦虑障碍量表（GAD-7）、孤独量表（T-ILS）、轻断食行为自编量表进行问卷调查，采用单因素分析和多因素logistic回归分析发生轻断食行为的影响因素。

结果

最终纳入分析的8 858名研究对象中有1 036人近1年内有轻断食行为，发生率为11.70%；有轻断食行为的人群平均年龄为（20.83 ± 4.56）岁，无轻断食人群平均年龄为（20.67 ± 4.80）岁，2组人群年龄差异无统计学意义。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示，女性（OR = 1.991，95%CI = 1.718～2.309）、居住地为城镇（OR = 1.262，95%CI = 1.082～1.472）、吸烟（OR = 1.411，95%CI = 1.123～1.774）、饮酒（OR = 1.432，95%CI = 1.216～1.687）、体质指数高（OR肥胖 = 2.153，95%CI = 1.528～3.032）、焦虑（OR重度焦虑 = 4.157，95%CI = 3.164～5.463）和孤独（OR = 1.258，95%CI = 1.070～1.479）是发生轻断食行为的危险因素（P < 0.05）。

结论

12～30岁人群中轻断食行为的发生受自身因素与心理因素多重影响，需从生理和心理双层面考虑轻断食行为。

关键词: 轻断食 / 间歇性禁食 / 青少年 / 青年 / 焦虑

Abstract:

Objective

To understand the prevalence and determinants of intermittent fasting in the Chinese population aged 12 to 30 years.

Methods

Data from 8 858 residents aged 12 – 30 years were obtained from the Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents (PBICR) survey conducted from June to August 2022 in 32 provincial-level administrative divisions across China. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7), the Three-Item Loneliness Scale (T-ILS), and an intermittent fasting scale developed by Chinese researchers were used by interviewers in the face-to-face survey to collect relevant information. The factors influencing intermittent fasting were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Results

Of all participants, 1 036 (11.70%) reported using intermittent fasting in the past year. The mean age of participants with and without intermittent fasting was 20.83 ± 4.56 years and 20.67 ± 4.80 years, respectively, with no significant difference between the two groups. The results of multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that being female (odds ratio [OR] = 1.991, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.718 – 2.309), living in an urban area (OR = 1.262, 95%CI: 1.082 – 1.472), smoking (OR = 1.411, 95%CI: 1.123 – 1.774), alcohol consumption (OR = 1.432, 95%CI: 1.216 – 1.687), higher body mass index (BMI) (OR for obesity = 2.153, 95%CI: 1.528 – 3.032), severe anxiety (OR = 4.157, 95%CI: 3.164 – 5.463), and loneliness (OR = 1.258, 95%CI: 1.070 – 1.479) were risk factors for intermittent fasting (P < 0.05 for all).

Conclusion

The prevalence of intermittent fasting among Chinese residents aged 12 to 30 years is influenced by various personal and psychological factors, indicating the need for dual consideration of the physiological and psychological aspects of intermittent fasting.

表 1 不同特征12～30岁人群轻断食行为分布情况（N = 8 858）

Table 1 Number and proportion of individuals with and without intermittent fasting among 8 858 Chinese residents aged 12 – 30 years, 2022: stratified by sex, ethnicity, medical education, urban/rural residence in the past 3 months, current smoking, current alcohol consumption, body mass index grade, GAD-7 score, T-ILS score, home quarantine, urban quarantine, and community quarantine

特征有轻断食行为（n = 1 036）无轻断食行为（n = 7 822） χ2 值 P 值人数构成比（%）人数构成比（%）性别 43.724 < 0.001 　男性 418 40.3 学院学报, 2022, 41(6): 584 – 587. [20]

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