ASTM E1740

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2024-12-27 22:55

1.1 本耐火试验响应试验方法包括测定复合材料的可燃性和热释放率，该复合材料由墙面覆盖物或天花板覆盖物、基材和所有层压粘合剂、涂料和饰面组成。热释放信息不能单独用于评估墙面覆盖物或天花板覆盖物的易燃性。这些数据旨在用于建模或与其他数据一起评估材料。 1.2 本试验方法提供了在35 kW/m恒定初始试验热流下测量持续燃烧时间、热释放速率、峰值和总热释放以及有效燃烧热的方法 2. . 通过该测试方法还获得了不同热通量下的热释放数据。样品水平定向，并使用火花点火源。 1.3 使用试验方法中描述的装置和程序确定火灾试验响应特性 E1354 . 1.4 试验是在结合实际安装中使用的部件的台架样本上进行的。 1.5 以国际单位制表示的数值应视为标准。看见 IEEE/ASTM SI-10 . 1.6 产品和材料的防火测试具有固有的危险性，在进行这些测试时，应对人员和财产采取适当的保护措施。该测试方法可能涉及危险材料、操作和设备。 1.7 本标准用于测量和描述材料、产品或组件在受控条件下对热量和火焰的响应，但其本身并不包括在实际火灾条件下对材料、产品或组件进行火灾危险或火灾风险评估所需的所有因素。 1.8 防火测试本身就很危险。在进行这些测试时，应采取适当的人员和财产保护措施。第节给出了有关危险的具体信息 6. . 1.9 本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。 1.10 本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。 ====意义和用途====== 5.1 本试验方法用于确定材料和复合材料在锥形量热计装置中暴露于规定初始试验热流下的持续燃烧和热释放时间。 5.2 定量热释放测量提供的信息可用于比较墙壁或天花板覆盖物和结构，并用于输入火灾模型。 5.3 热释放测量通过定量测量组件和复合材料修改引起的防火性能的具体变化，为产品开发提供了有用的信息。 5.4 如果产品在相关火灾暴露条件下不会在其表面传播火焰，则通过本试验方法获得的热释放数据将不合适。 5.5 用于层压复合材料产品的基材、安装方法和粘合剂的变化可能会影响测试响应。在任何比较实验中，必须控制这些变量。 5.6 测试限制- 如果出现以下任何情况，则测试数据无效: 5.6.1 爆炸剥落， 5.6.2 试样在点火前充分膨胀，以接触火花塞，或在燃烧过程中膨胀至加热器底座平面，或 5.6.3 当放置在辐射加热器下时，表面层压板滚动或卷曲。 5.7 在本程序中，样本经受一组或多组特定的实验室条件。如果替换了不同的测试条件或结束- 使用条件发生变化时，通过本试验或从本试验中预测测得的火灾试验响应特性的变化并不总是可能的。因此，结果仅适用于本程序中描述的火灾试验暴露条件。

1.1 This fire-test-response test method covers determination of the ignitability and heat release rate of composites consisting of a wall covering or ceiling covering, a substrate, and all laminating adhesives, coatings, and finishes. Heat release information cannot be used alone to evaluate the flammability of wall coverings or ceiling coverings. The data are intended to be used for modeling or with other data to evaluate a material. 1.2 This test method provides for measurement of the time to sustained flaming, heat release rate, peak and total heat release, and effective heat of combustion at a constant initial test heat flux of 35 kW/m 2 . Heat release data at different heat fluxes are also obtained by this test method. The specimen is oriented horizontally, and a spark ignition source is used. 1.3 The fire-test-response characteristics are determined using the apparatus and procedures described in Test Method E1354 . 1.4 The tests are conducted on bench-scale specimens combining the components used in the actual installation. 1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. See IEEE/ASTM SI-10 . 1.6 Fire testing of products and materials is inherently hazardous, and adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be used in conducting these tests. This test method potentially involves hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. 1.7 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions. 1.8 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests. Specific information about hazard is given in Section 6 . 1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.10 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ====== 5.1 This test method is used to determine the time to sustained flaming and heat release of materials and composites exposed to a prescribed initial test heat flux in the cone calorimeter apparatus. 5.2 Quantitative heat release measurements provide information that can be used to compare wall or ceiling coverings and constructions and for input to fire models. 5.3 Heat release measurements provide useful information for product development by giving a quantitative measure of specific changes in fire performance caused by component and composite modifications. 5.4 Heat release data obtained by this test method will be inappropriate if the product will not spread flame over its surface under the fire exposure conditions of interest. 5.5 Variations in substrates, mounting methods, and adhesives used to laminate composite products will potentially affect the test responses. These variables must be controlled during any comparative experiments. 5.6 Test Limitations— The test data are invalid if any of the following occur: 5.6.1 Explosive spalling, 5.6.2 The specimen swells sufficiently prior to ignition to touch the spark plug or swells up to the plane of the heater base during combustion, or 5.6.3 The surface laminate rolls or curls when placed under the radiant heater. 5.7 The specimens are subjected to one or more specific sets of laboratory conditions in this procedure. If different test conditions are substituted or the end-use conditions are changed, it is not always possible by or from this test to predict changes in the fire-test-response characteristics measured. The results are therefore valid only for the fire test exposure conditions described in this procedure.