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儿童语言发育的里程碑

儿童语言发育在各个年龄段的标志:

Birth-3 Months (3个月 ) ___ Makes pleasure sounds such as cooing 发出一些愉快的声音,比如“咕咕”
Develops differential cries for different needs 不同需求时有不同的(哭)叫声
Develops social smile 开始有社交性微笑
3-6Months ( 6个月 ) ?? Increase in variety of vocalizations 发音种类明显增多广东省妇幼保健院儿童神经康复科徐宁
Babbling sounds more speechlike, with increased consonant productions 呀呀学语逐渐言语化,辅音增多
Uses sounds and gestures to indicate wants 使用声音和手势来表达需求
6-12Months ( 6-12个月 ) ?? Reduplicative babbling occurs 重复咿呀语,如“dada”
Uses speech sounds to get attention 使用语音以引起关注
First words emerge 初始的话语开始出现(尤其在10-12个月)
Responds to simple requests 对简单指令开始有反应
Imitates speech sounds 开始模仿别人的语音
18-24months ( 18-24个月 ) ?? Uses words more frequently than jargon 更多地使用正规字词而不是儿语
Has expressive vocabulary of 50-100 words 具备50-100个字词的表达能力
Has receptive vocabulary of 300+ words 能明白至少300个或以上的字词
2-3 Years ( 2-3岁 ) ?? Uses two-to three-words sentences 会使用2-3字句
Points to pictures in books 会指书中的图画
Speech is understood by familiar listeners most of the time 说的话大多能被家人或熟悉的人听懂
3-4 Years ( 3-4岁 ) ?? Uses simple sentences with negatives, imperatives, and questions 能使用简单的否定句、祈使句和疑问句
Talks about activities at school and home 能谈论在家里和学校里的活动情况
Understands simple "wh-" question words 能理解简单的“wh-”类的问题,比如哪里、谁、哪一个等

  4-5 Years ( 4-5 岁 ) ?? Mean length of utterance ( MLU) = 4.6-5.7 words 平均语句长度MLU= 4.6-5.7
Uses grammatically correct sentences 能使用语法正确的句子
Replays a long story accurately 能准确地复述一个较长的故事
5-6 Years ( 5-6 岁 ) ?? MLU= 6.6 words
Uses all pronouns consistently 能娴熟运用所有代词
Comprehends 13000 words 能理解13000个单词
6-7 Years ( 6-7 岁 ) ?? MLU= 7.3 words
Comprehends 20000-26000 words 能理解20000-26000个单词
Refines syntax 语法更为精炼

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