骨科及康复生物力学
骨科及復健生物力學1
骨小樑結構2
Wolff’slaw˙Formfollowsfunction˙Bonehastheabilitytoadapt,bychangingitssize,shape,andstructuretothemechanicaldemandsplacedonit˙Boneislaiddownwhereneededandresorbedwherenotneeded˙Theremodellingmaybeeitherexternal(achangeintheexternalshapeofthebone)or(achangeintheporosity,mineralcontent,anddensityofbone)3
StructuralAdaptation4
生物力學巨觀→微觀形態(Morphology)功能(Function)巨觀力學→微觀力學5
有限元素法σ=CεF=KxK：stiffnessmatrixViscoelasticmodelσ=μdε／dtμ：viscositycoefficient6
緻密骨(CorticalBone)組成：osteon,collagen,calcifiedtissue成骨細胞(osteoblaset)蝕骨細胞(osteoclast)骨母細胞(osteocyte)細胞力學(CellMechanics)7
海綿骨(CancellousBone)材料(material)及結構觀點(structure)材料性質：E結構性質：KTrussBarBeam8
材料性質各向同性(Isotropic)OnlyoneE(K…)σ=Eετ=GγShearmodulusG=E/2(1+ν)AnisotropicStiffnessmatrixSizeeffectofMechanicalproperties9
力學力(Force)變形(Deformation)PrincipalstrainStrainenergy應力(Stress)Principalstress10
骨折癒合(FractureHealing)11
骨折癒合(FractureHealing)12
BiologyofFractureHealingThefracture(~7daysafterinjury)Thegranulationtissuestage(~twoweeks)Thecallus(4~16weeks)Theremodelingprocess(1~4years)Themodelingstage(oneormoreyears)Theregionalacceleratoryphenomenon(RAP)13
BoneRemodelingTheA–R–FsequenceA:ActivationR:ResorptionF:Formation14
BoneModelingA-ForA-R15
MechanicalAdaptationRemodeling:A-R-FModeling:A-ForA-R16
骨折癒合(FractureHealing)17
ConceptofInterfragmentaryStrain(ε)
PerrenCordey˙Thetypeoftissueatthefracturegapcorrespondswiththedegreeofstrain˙Fracturehealingisaccompaniedbyasuccessivedecreasesofinterfragmentmotion˙Moresuitableforgaporcontacthealingmechanism18
骨折癒合(FractureHealing)ε:Interfragmentarystrain19
骨折癒合(FractureHealing)20
骨折癒合Thehydrostaticpressureisrepresentedas:?Theoctahedralshearstressisgivenas:?????????????????????????21
骨折癒合22
OsteogenicIndex
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