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A review of the nutritional guidance for athletes to prevent eating disorders,European Eating Disorders Review

泰然健康网
2025-08-06 06:50

Since the 1980s eating disorders (ED) have gained increasing prevalence, with athletes proving to be at a higher risk compared to non-athletes. Eating disorders can significantly impact the health and performance of an athlete, however, certain guidelines are in place for prevention, treatment and management. NICE and UK Sport were two guidelines that were identified as being referenced within the UK. This paper aimed to evaluate their utility and establish whether modifications are required to prevent ED within athletic populations. A checklist was created based on peer-reviewed recommendations and used in conjunction with conceptualised case studies based on information sourced from proposed key informant interviews. Whilst both guidelines are extensive in the identification of symptoms associated with ED, they lack recognised recommended screening methods. Furthermore, although both contain some form of validated treatment, NICE recommends cognitive behavioural therapy despite acknowledging the lack of evidence supporting its beneficial application. In contrast to recommendations regarding physical therapy, NICE also states to avoid certain treatments, such as yoga, despite beneficial evidence of its treatment/rehabilitation for ED. When applied to case studies, both guidelines demonstrated the need for refinement and improvement in recommendations relating to weight loss and screening methods. To form an accurate critique of the guidelines, an assessment of their applicability and suitability in the prevention, treatment and management of ED in a practical sporting environment involving consenting participants is required.

中文翻译：

运动员预防饮食失调的营养指导综述

自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，饮食失调 (ED) 的患病率越来越高，事实证明，与非运动员相比，运动员面临的风险更高。饮食失调会严重影响运动员的健康和表现，但是，有一些预防、治疗和管理指南。 NICE 和 UK Sport 是被确定在英国境内引用的两个指南。本文旨在评估其效用并确定是否需要进行修改以预防运动人群中的 ED。清单是根据同行评审的建议创建的，并与基于拟议的关键知情人访谈的信息的概念化案例研究结合使用。虽然这两个指南都广泛地识别与 ED 相关的症状，但它们缺乏公认的推荐筛查方法。此外，尽管两者都包含某种形式的经过验证的治疗方法，但 NICE 仍建议认知行为疗法，尽管承认缺乏支持其有益应用的证据。与物理治疗的建议相反，NICE 还指出要避免某些治疗，例如瑜伽，尽管有证据表明瑜伽对 ED 具有治疗/康复作用。当应用于案例研究时，这两个指南都表明需要细化和改进与减肥和筛查方法相关的建议。为了对这些指南进行准确的评价，需要在参与者同意的实际体育环境中评估其在预防、治疗和管理 ED 方面的适用性和适用性。