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番石榴叶水提取物对拟穴青蟹免疫相关酶活力的影响

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2024-12-25 08:37

摘要: 采用静水法研究不同浓度番石榴水提取物(guava leaf water-extract，GLWE)对带毒拟穴青蟹(Scylla paramamosain)的成活率及在GLWE质量浓度分别为0 (C0，对照组)、10 mg·L–1(C10组)、20 mg·L–1(C20组)、40 mg·L–1(C40组)、80 mg·L–1(C80组)，用药时间分别为0 h、12 h、24 h、48 h、72 h的条件下对其血清中碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、酸性磷酸酶(ACP)、溶菌酶(LZM)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、酚氧化酶(PO)和一氧化氮合成酶(TNOS、iNOS)活力的影响，并初步探究GLWE的适宜用药浓度范围。结果表明，实验15 d，各处理组青蟹的成活率随着GLWE浓度的增高呈先升后降的现象且与C0组差异显著(P<0.05)，其中C40组的成活率最高(55.56%)，C0组的成活率最低(22.22%)。用药12 h，C80组的AKP、CAT、PO、iNOS活力均显著高于C0组(P<0.05)；用药24 h，C20和C40组的SOD、LZM及C40组的ACP、CAT和PO活力均显著高于C0组(P<0.05)；用药48 h，C10、C20组的CAT活力及C40、C80组的TNOS和iNOS活力均显著高于C0组(P<0.05)；用药72 h，各处理组的AKP活力均显著高于C0组(P<0.05)，但C40、C80组的ACP和CAT活力显著低于C0组(P<0.05)。该条件下，10~40 mg·L–1的GLWE可在48 h内显著促进拟穴青蟹血清AKP、ACP、SOD、CAT、PO、NOS、LZM活力的升高，其中以20~40 mg·L–1GLWE的效果最优。

Abstract: We investigated the effects of different concentrations of guava leaf water-extract (GLWE) on the survival rate of Scylla paramamosain carrying virus and its influence on alkaline phosphatase (AKP), acid phosphatase (ACP), lysozyme (LZM), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), phenol oxidase (PO), total nitric oxide synthase (TNOS) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) at different GLWE mass concentrations of 0 (Group C0, control group), 10 mg·L–1(Group C10), 20 mg·L–1(Group C20), 40 mg·L–1(Group C40), 80 mg·L–1(Group C80) on 0th, 12th, 24th, 48th, 72nd hour, so as to study the suitable drug concentration for GLWE. The results show that the survival rate of S.paramamosain increased at first and then decreased with increasing concentration of GLWE, which was significantly different with Group C0 after 15 d (P<0.05). The survival rate of Group C40 was the highest (55.56%), but the survival rate of Group C0 was the lowest (22.22%). The activities of AKP, CAT, PO and iNOS in Group C80 were significantly higher than those in Group C0 on 12th hour (P<0.05). The activities of SOD and LZM in Group C20 and Group C40, as well as the ACP, CAT and PO in Group C40 were all significantly higher than those in Group C0 on 24th hour (P<0.05). The activities of CAT in Group C10 and Group C20, as well as the TNOS and iNOS in Group C40 and Group C80 were all significantly higher than those in Group C0 group on 48th hour (P<0.05). The activities of AKP in all treatment groups were significantly higher than those in Group C0, but the ACP and CAT in Group C40 and Group C80 were significantly lower than those in Group C0 on 72nd hour (P<0.05). Under this condition, 10–40 mg·L–1 GLWE could significantly increase the activities of AKP, ACP, SOD, CAT, PO, NOS and LZM in S.paramamosain serum within 48 h, and GLWE of 20–40 mg·L–1 obtained the optimal effect.

图 1 拟穴青蟹的MCRV荧光定量结果

方柱上大写字母表示同一时间点各组间差异，小写字母表示同组内各时间点差异，其中相同字母间表示差异不显著，不同字母间表示差异显著(P<0.05)；*. 同一时间点处理组与对照组(C0)差异极显著(P<0.01); 图2同此

Figure 1. QPCR results of S.paramamosa

The uppercase letters indicate difference among the groups at the same time, and lowercase letters indicate difference at different time within the same group. The same letters indicate insignificant difference while different letters indicate significant difference (P<0.05); *. very significant difference between the control group (C0) and treatment groups at the same time. The same case in Fig.2.

图 2 番石榴叶水提取物对拟穴青蟹血清免疫相关酶活力的影响

Figure 2. Effect of GLWE on related immune enzyme activity in serum of S.paramamosain

表 1 不同浓度番石榴叶水提取物对拟穴青蟹成活率的影响

Table 1 Effects of different concentrations of GLWE on survival rate of S.paramamosain %

t/d C0 (对照组)
control group 处理组 treatment group C10 C20 C40 C80 1 100.00a 100.00a 100.00a 100.00a 100.00a 2 100.00a 100.00a 97.78±3.85a 100.00a 100.00a 3 97.78±3.85a 100.00a 97.78±3.85a 97.78±3.85a 93.33±6.67a 4 91.11±10.18a 100.00a 97.78±3.85a 97.78±3.85a 88.89±10.18a 5 86.67±13.33a 97.78±3.85a 97.78±3.85a 93.33±6.67a 86.67±6.67a 6 75.56±10.18a 88.89±3.85ab 93.33±6.67b 91.11±10.18b 86.67±6.67a 7 71.11±3.85a 84.44±7.70ab 91.11±10.18b 88.89±10.18b 86.67±6.67b 8 62.22±3.85a 82.22±10.18a 84.44±21.43a 84.44±10.18a 82.22±10.18a 9 60.00±6.67a 80.00±11.55a 77.78±21.43a 80.00±11.55a 80.00±6.67a 10 46.67±6.67a 73.33±11.55ab 73.33±17.64ab 71.11±19.25ab 77.78±10.18b 11 46.67±6.67a 64.44±3.85ab 66.67±13.33ab 64.44±19.25ab 68.89±3.85b 12 37.78±3.85a 60.00b 64.44±10.18b 64.44±19.25b 60.00±6.67b 13 33.33±6.67a 57.78±3.85b 64.44±10.18b 62.22±15.40b 55.56±3.85b 14 26.67±6.67a 51.11±7.70b 60.00±11.55b 57.78±7.70b 51.11±3.85b 15 22.22±3.85a 46.67±6.67b 53.33±6.67b 55.56±3.85b 44.44±7.70b　注：同一时间不同字母表示组间差异显著(P<0.05)，相同字母表示组间差异不显著 (P>0.05)　Note: Different letters indicate significant difference among different group at the same time (P<0.05), while the same letters indicate insignificant difference (P>0.05). [1] 农业部渔业渔政管理局. 2017年中国渔业统计年鉴[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社, 2017:22. [2]

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