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Effect of feed restriction and refeeding on body condition, digestive functionality and intestinal microbiota in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss),Fish Physiology and Biochemistry

泰然健康网
2025-08-04 05:03

The aim of the present work was to investigate the influence of fasting and refeeding on body condition, gut physiology and microbiota in reared O. mykiss. Ninety-six fish were randomly allotted among three groups subjected to different feeding plan: C (control, fed for 5 weeks); R (restricted ration over 3 weeks followed by 2 weeks feeding); F (fasted over 3 weeks followed by 2 weeks feeding) in a well’s fresh water flow-through rearing plan. Sampling occurred at 0, 1, 2, 4, 7, 14 days during the refeeding period. At day 0 and throughout the feeding period until day 14, the weight of the fish was significantly affected by the feeding restriction. Feed deprivation reduced significantly the viscerosomatic and hepatosomatic indexes. Brush border membrane enzymes’ specific activity was modulated by feeding regimes until day 7, to level in all experimental groups at day 14. At the end of the restricted/fasted period, the microbiota of the C group was made up of 70% of Actinobacteria, 24% of Proteobacteria, 4.2% of Firmicutes and < 1% of Bacteroides, while the restricted and fasted group were characterized by a strong reduction of Actinobacteria, and a significant increase in Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes. The feed deprivation determined a dysbiosis, allowing the development of different commensal or pathogenic bacteria. In conclusion, the effects of 2 weeks of feed deprivation, excluding those related to body weight, are gradually mitigated by refeeding, which allows the restoration of digestive functions and a healthy intestinal microbiota.

中文翻译：

限食和再投喂对虹鳟 (Oncorhynchus mykiss) 身体状况、消化功能和肠道微生物群的影响

本工作的目的是研究禁食和重新喂食对饲养的O. mykiss的身体状况、肠道生理学和微生物群的影响. 96 条鱼被随机分配到三组，接受不同的喂食计划：C（对照，喂食 5 周）；R（超过 3 周的限制性口粮，然后是 2 周的喂养）；F（禁食超过 3 周，然后喂食 2 周）在井中的淡水流通饲养计划中。采样发生在再喂食期间的第 0、1、2、4、7、14 天。在第 0 天和直到第 14 天的整个喂食期间，鱼的重量受到喂食限制的显着影响。饲料剥夺显着降低了内脏体和肝体指数。刷状缘膜酶的比活性在第 7 天之前通过喂养方式进行调节，在第 14 天达到所有实验组的水平。在限制/禁食期结束时，C 组的微生物群由 70% 的放线菌组成, 24% 的变形杆菌、4.2% 的厚壁菌门和 < 1% 的拟杆菌门，而限制和禁食组的特点是放线菌门的显着减少，以及拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门的显着增加。饲料剥夺决定了生态失调，导致不同的共生菌或致病菌的发展。总之，2 周禁食的影响（不包括与体重相关的影响）会通过重新喂食逐渐减轻，从而恢复消化功能和健康的肠道微生物群。允许不同的共生或致病细菌的发展。总之，2 周禁食的影响（不包括与体重相关的影响）会通过重新喂食逐渐减轻，从而恢复消化功能和健康的肠道微生物群。允许不同的共生或致病细菌的发展。总之，2 周禁食的影响（不包括与体重相关的影响）会通过重新喂食逐渐减轻，从而恢复消化功能和健康的肠道微生物群。